A fast‑paced exploration of the most significant recent court activity relating to sovereign immunity and award enforcement across the US, Canada and Mexico. The panel will discuss:
• Recent sovereign immunity rulings: Spain and Venezuela
• Practical limits to enforcing awards - including the CITGO auction saga
• How courts are treating non‑compliant states and state‑owned entities
•    Developments in Canadian and Mexican jurisprudence with implications for enforcement strategy​​​​​​​

•    What may change for enforcement against Venezuela? Key recent developments.